What is included in emergency department ed care for needle. Procedure concerning osha access to employee medical recordsprocedures. Use an expanded definition of engineering controls to include devices with engineered sharps injury protection and needleless systems. Safer needle devices have been shown to reduce 62 to 88% of all needlestick injuries cdc, 1997b. Any worker handling sharp devices or equipment such as scalpels, sutures, hypodermic needles, blood collection devices, or phlebotomy devices is at risk. Identify five key components of the needlestick safety and prevention act of 2000. About 2 percent, or 16,000, of these are likely to be contaminated with the human immunodeficiency virus hiv. Needlestick policy and procedure all wvu medical students must complete yearly osha training and education regarding needle sticksharps procedures and prevention of blood borne pathogens.
When not disposed of properly, needles can hide in linen or garbage and injure other workers who encounter them unexpectedly. Sep 04, 2019 no symptoms of disease should be expected from the needle stick exposure, upon a timely presentation. These injuries can occur at any time when people use, disassemble, or dispose of needles. Definition all workrelated needlestick injuries and cuts from sharp objects that are contaminated with another persons blood or other potentially infectious material as defined by 29 cfr 1910. Safety needle legislation that began in california in late 1998 and by mid1999 had spread to 20 states around the country has now mandated the use of safety needles in virtually every health care facility in the united states. Department of health and human services public health service centers for disease control and prevention national institute for occupational safety and health. The procedure and protocol for this demonstrate a perfect example of the interconnection between osha, a regulatory agency, the u. Exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials opim because of. A needlestick injury is the penetration of the skin by a hypodermic needle or other sharp object that has been in contact with blood, tissue or other body fluids before the exposure.
The postexposure management algorithm described in the protocol has four major parts. Each year 384,000 needlestick injuries and other sharpsrelated injuries are sustained by hospitalbased healthcare personnel. Public health service usphs and the centers for disease control and prevention cdc. Ana needlestick guide v5 world health organization.
Employer obligations after exposure incidents osha needlestick flow. Procedure to follow after a needlestick or sharps injury 10. Before starting the procedure, ensure that the work. Purpose or procedure for which sharp item was used or intended. Despite legislation, regulation and steppedup oversight and education campaigns by public and private sectors, needlesticks and other sharpsrelated injuries persist, although with variance in the rates depending on the healthcare setting. Irrigate eyes with clean water, saline, or sterile irrigants. Sharps can include other medical supplies, such as syringes, scalpels and lancets, and glass from broken equipment. Needlesticks are a common occurrence in the health care profession. What is included in emergency department ed care for. Every percutaneous needlestick and sharps injury carries a risk of infection from bloodborne pathogens. Discuss the impact of safe practicesafe needle devices on nurses health and well being.
Washington state dept of labor and industries web resources. Each rotation site for students should have a working needle sticksharps policy in place. Safer needle devices have builtin safety control devices, such as those that use a selfsheathing needle, to help prevent injuries. Procedure for evaluating circumstances surrounding an exposure incident. Nurses in hospitals are the most frequently injured. This factsheet sets out the main concerns for healthcare professionals and what. Needlestick policy and procedure all wvu medical students must complete yearly osha training and education regarding needle stick sharps procedures and prevention of blood borne pathogens.
The osha maintains reported records of exposures via needlestick on a osha 300 form. This report provides guidelines for management of persons with nonoccupational exposure to hepatitis b virus hbv through a discrete, identifiable exposure to. It is estimated that 600 000 to 800 000 needlestick injuries occur per year in the united states 1. You must record all workrelated needlestick injuries and cuts from sharp objects that are contaminated with another persons blood or other potentially infectious. Currently, the primary legislation covering sharps safety is the 19992000 needlestick safety and prevention act. Osha reported the results of studies on the causes of needlestick injuries. Needlestick prevention devices, report to the legislature, new york state. You must record all workrelated needlestick injuries and cuts from sharp objects that are contaminated with another persons blood or other potentially infectious material as defined by 29 cfr 1910. Health care workers primarily are exposed to these pathogens via contaminated needlestick and sharps injuries. This risk varies with type of needle hollow vs solid, type of injury superficial vs intravenous etc, contamination visible blood present on needle and viral load of patient. Listing a case on the log does not mean that the employer or worker was at fault or that an osha standard. Occupational health and safety administration osha bloodborne pathogens. The course is now available on line as a course called osha. Cases listed on the osha 300 log are not necessarily eligible for workers compensation or other insurance benefits.
In addition to the original bbp standard, the revised standard requires employers to. Needlestick safety and prevention act established the requirement for health care settings to use engineering controls known as safer needle devices osha, 2001a. Recording criteria for needlestick and sharps injuries. Recommendations for the management of occupational. Black followed protocol and immediately scrubbed the wound, reported her injury, and went to the emergency department.
Osha bloodborne pathogens and needlestick prevention topic page external this document provides information on bloodborne pathogens, employer responsibilities, and workers rights. Hc needlestick policy tailored healthcare staffing. Exposure prevention information network epinet data shows that needlestick injuries occur most frequently in the operating room and in patient rooms. What should i do if i injure myself with a used needle.
In spite of this concern, the risk of hepatitis continues to be the greater occupational threat. Safety and health administrations osha bloodborne pathogens. Concern regarding the management of occupational exposure to human immunodeficiency virus hiv was heightened when it was realized that hiv is transmitted by body fluids. The history should focus on the patients medical history, including immunizations and risk factors for both hiv and hepatitis. On january 18, 2001, osha published a revised bloodborne pathogen standard to reflect the changes congress specified in the needlestick safety and prevention act. Management of needlestick injuries in the health care setting. If there is a needlestick injury and assistance is needed from the aids institute, program staff should. Osha compliance with bloodborne pathogens standard. Flush splashes to the nose, mouth, or skin with water. Guideline for management of occupational exposure to blood. Needlestick policy department of environmental health and safety 800 west campbell rd. Needle stick injury protocol, prevention and management. Selected cost and benefit implications of needlestick prevention devices for hospitals cdc pdf external gao report gao0160r, november 17, 2000. Cdc bloodborne infectious diseases emergency needlestick.
Safer needle devices have builtin safety control devices, such as those that use a selfsheathing needle, to help prevent injuries before, during, and after use through safer design features. Bloodborne infectious diseases emergency needlestick. If an employee refuses to be tested after a stick injury, this informed refusal form is additional documentation that you offered to evaluate the employee after an exposure incident and the employee refused. Even though the acute physiological effects of a needlestick injury are generally negligible, these injuries can lead to transmission of bloodborne diseases, placing those exposed at increased risk of infection. Enforcement procedures for the occupational exposure to. Osha forms for sharps evaluations, info, and stick injuries.
Blood and body fluid exposure management packet in accordance with bamc memo 405 points of contact. Report any needlestick and other sharps injury immediately to your employer. Every percutaneous needlestick and sharps injury carries a risk of infection from. Needlesticksharps safety and prevention the needlestick safety and prevention act pub. What steps should be followed when a dental healthcare team member sustains an occupational exposure sharps injury. According to the centers for disease control and prevention cdc, there are nearly 385,000 sharpsrelated injuries that occur annually in the us healthcare industry, which is an average of 1,000 per day. For more information, see oar 437001070020, employee involvement.
Once someone has used a needle, viruses in their blood, such as hepatitis b, hepatitis c or hiv, may contaminate it. Explain the key elements of the osha compliance directive for the bloodborne p athogens standard and strategies for identifying and reporting non compliance. What acts or failures to act andor conditions contributed to this incident. This will be achieved by promoting safe sharp practice and the use of safer sharps devices. Any employee who seroconverts herhis antihiv will be referred by the director of clinical support for appropriate followup care unless the state in which the contracted facility is located mandates the results of the antihiv test remain confidential.
Yet, these exposures often have been considered part of the job. Needle stick injury and accidental exposure to blood. What action has or needs to be taken to prevent recurrence. Wash needlesticks and cuts with soap and water flush splashes to the nose, mouth, or skin with water. Rfi, past interpretations and several cdc guidelines on vaccination and post. To protect the employees privacy, you may not enter the. When a worker experiences an exposure incident, the employer must make. American nurses associations needlestick prevention guide. A sharps injury is penetrating stab wound from a needle, scalpel, or another sharp object that may result in exposure to blood or body fluids. Each rotation site for students should have a working needle stick sharps policy in place. Occupational health 2952437 emergency department 9160808 infectious disease 9165554 safety office 9161427 once complete, place in preventive medicine box on the half wall in emergency department for occupational health pickup. What is needle stick injury a needle stick injury is a percutaneous piercing wound typically set by a needle point. This landmark legislation updated the office of safety and health administration osha guidelines, compelling employers to use work practice controls and safer needle devices that are engineered to eliminate or minimize exposure to bloodborne pathogens. It found that at least 60 percent of the injuries occurred during the disposal of a.
Use devices with safety features provided by your employer. If you are stuck by a needle or other sharp or get blood or other potentially infectious materials in your eyes, nose, mouth, or on broken skin, immediately flood the exposed area with water and clean any wound with soap and water or a. Diseases that could be transmitted by a needle or needlestick injury include human. Some states require a needle safety plan to explain how a practice handles sharps. A needlestick injury means the skin is accidentally punctured by a used needle. Nov, 2017 needle stick injury protocol, prevention and management. Concerns about hivcontaminated blood led to the 1991 osha bloodborne. A study in hartford, connecticut found that needlestick injury rates among hartford police officers decreased after the introduction of a needle exchange program. References hashmi a, al reesh sa, indah l 2012 prevalence of needle stick and sharps injuries among healthcare workers, najran, saudi arabia. Currently, only 25 states have needlestick protocols approved by the osha. The occupational safety and health administration oshas bloodborne pathogens standard outlines what employers must do to protect. System processprocedure guidelinestandard position. Because occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens from accidental sharps injuries in healthcare and other occupational settings continues to be a serious problem, congress felt that a modification to.
Diseases that could be transmitted by a needle or needlestick injury include human immunodeficiency virus hiv, hepatitis b and hepatitis c. Most needlestick injuries result from unsafe needle devices rather than carelessness by healthcare workers jshq, 1998, summer. In the event of a sharps injury, the trust will endeavour to reduce the effects of that injury to the absolute minimum. Assess the need for tetanus andor hepatitis b prophylaxis is based on medical history.
Injuries from needles used in medical procedures are sometimes called needlestick or sharps injuries. Occupational safety and health administration osha navigate to safety. Needle stick exposure protocol iowa head and neck protocols. Injuries from needles used in medical procedures are sometimes called needle stick or sharps injuries. These devices blunt, sheath, or retract the needle. Needlestick safety and prevention world health organization. Needlestick injury procedure harm reduction unit staff the aids institutes office of the medical director needlestick injury procedure is as follows. You must enter the case on the osha 300 log as an injury. If you experience a needlestick or sharps injury or are exposed to the blood or other body fluid of a client during the course of your work, immediately follow these steps. Plan for safe handling and disposal of sharps before using them.
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